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English For Senior High School
Subject : Derivation
Derivation adalah pembentukan kata jadian dengan menambahkan awalan (prefixes) atau akhiran (suffixes) pada suatu jenis kata tertentu sehingga menjadi jenis kata yang lain.
A. NOUNS
-
- Verb + suffix
Verb | Suffix |
Noun |
Develop | -ment | Development |
Elect | -ion | Election |
Inform | -ation | Information |
Jog | -ing | Jogging |
Allow | -ance | Allowance |
Arrive | -al | Arrival |
Depart | -ure | Departure |
Marry | -age | Marriage |
Attend | -ant | Attendant |
-
- Adjective + suffix
Adjective | Suffix | Noun |
Happy | -ness | Happiness |
Similar | -ity | Similarity |
Fluent | -cy | Fluency |
Different | -nce | Difference |
Abundant | -ance | Abundance |
Free | -dom | Freedom |
-
- Verb/Noun + suffix
Verb/Noun | Suffix | Noun |
Sing | -er | Singer |
Farm | -er | Farmer |
Football | -er | Footballer |
Operate | -or | Operator |
Economy | -ist | Economist |
Art | -ist | Artist |
Java | -nese | Javanese |
Child | -hood | Childhood |
Direct | -or | Director |
Fellow | -ship | Fellowship |
B. ADJECTIVES
-
- Noun/Verb + suffix
Noun/Verb | Suffix | Adjective |
Danger | -ous | Dangerous |
Music | -al | Musical |
Cloud | -y | Cloudy |
Attract | -ive | Attractive |
Comfort | -able | Comfortable |
Comprehension | -ible | Comprehensible |
History | -ic | Historic |
Child | -ish | Childish |
Beauty | -ful | Beautiful |
Influence | -ial | Influential |
Family | -ar | Familiar |
Element | -ary | Elementary |
Wood | -en | Wooden |
Character | -istic | Characteristic |
-
- –ful >< -less
-full | -less |
Careful | Careless |
Helpful | Helpless |
Painful | Painless |
Thoughtful | Thoughtless |
Harmful | Harmless |
Merciful | Merciless |
C. VERB SUFFIXES
Prefix/Suffix | Verb |
En- | Enlarge |
Be- | Befriend |
-ize/-ise | Organize |
-ed | Directed |
-fy | Beautify |
-en | Deepen |
-ate | Activate |
D. ADVERB SUFFIXES
Prefix/Suffix | Adverb |
-ly | Diligently |
-ward | Backward |
a- | Along |
-ever | Whenever |
-ily | Happily |
-place | Some place |
-where | Somewhere |
-wise | Lengthwise |
Contoh – 1 :
Mr. Cooper manages (v) his company very successfully. Mr. Cooper is a company manager (n). the management (n) of his company is very good. Mr. Cooper is also managing (adj) editor of the BOSS magazine. The city of Ambon has been manageable (adj) since the Indonesian Army took control of the situation.
Contoh – 2 :
Kuta beach is very beautiful (adj). Its beauty (n) is famous all over the world. Ms. Ellena is a famous beautician (n) in the city. Jennifer Lopez sing beautifully (adv) tonight. To commemorate the independence day, the villagers beautify (v) their village with a lot of decoration.
Contoh – 3 :
Raam Punjabi is a film producer (n). He produces (v) a lot of films. Now he is producing (v) a new film entitled “Cinta”. He has tried to increase his production (n). New products (n) are still needed to meet the demand.
Latihan Soal
Pilih satu jawaban yang paling tepat & lihat teori diatas untuk menjawabnya!
- The company’s new product was _____ advertised on TV
- nation
- national
- nationally
- nationalized
- nationalization
- Sailing is an _____ I enjoy very much
- activist
- activity
- activation
- activate
- actively
- All Indonesian people are _____ for the success of General Election.
- responsive
- responsibly
- responsibility
- responsible
- response
- the hall has been _____ decorated for the opening ceremony.
- beautiful
- beauty
- beautifully
- beautify
- beautified
- My uncle _____ advised me to take an English course
- strength
- strong
- strengthening
- strongly
- strengthened
- A person who has good _____ can help his people make fast progress.
- led
- lead
- leader
- leading
- leadership
- If you want to be a good scientist, you ought to study your filed _____
- deep
- depth
- deepen
- deeply
- deepened
- Religion teaches _____ among all men regardless of their nationalities
- fatherhood
- priesthood
- likelihood
- brotherhood
- neighborhood
- The famous designer is going to show his new _____ at the end of this month.
- creative
- creator
- creativity
- creations
- creates
- This room has been _____ furnished for the new branch office of TOYOTA.
- beautiful
- beauty
- beautifully
- beautify
- beautified
- Adi and Roy are brothers, but they look very _____
-
- differ
- differential
- difference
- differently
- different
- If you want to _____ in running your business, you must have the full support of your employees.
- succeed
- successful
- success
- successfully
- succeeded
- Indonesian Batik is _____ recognized
- international
- internationalized
- internationalization
- internationally
- internationalizing
- The doctor gained immediate _____ for his great discovery
- recognition
- recognize
- recognizing
- recognizable
- recognized
- The hall has been _____ decorated for the opening ceremony
- beautiful
- beauty
- beautifully
- beautify
- beautified
- Dody has very _____ mind; he will make a good scientist
- analyze
- analyst
- analytical
- analysis
- analytically
- Careless dumping of _____ waste into the Ciliwung river has caused serious water pollution.
- industry
- industrialist
- industrial
- industrialized
- industrialize
- ‘Don’t you think the bus driver is speeding?’
‘Yes, I’m afraid he _____ the lives of the passengers’
-
- endangered
- will endanger
- would have endangered
- endangers
- would endangers